Top papers for 2020 - Radiation Oncology

Read here the most important papers in Radiation Oncology this year.

Source: Top Papers for 2020 - Radiation Oncology (shared collection) [Internet]. Read.qxmd.com. 2020 [cited 29 December 2020]. Available from: https://read.qxmd.com/collection/22121?sid=adea2753-d897-4e24-bd70-dad41e492317.

Thymoma and thymic carcinoma staging systems

Masaoka-Koga staging system of thymic tumors:

Source: Jukna A, Jasa M, Mezvevere M, et al. Inside the Mediastinum: the Morphological Spectrum and Stages of Thymic Tumours. Acta Chir Latv. 2016; 16(1):3-8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1515/chilat-2016-0010.

Source: Detterbeck FC, Nicholson AG, Kondo K, et al. The Masaoka-Koga stage classification for thymic malignancies: clarification and definition of terms. J Thorac Oncol. 2011 Jul;6(7 Suppl 3):S1710-6. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/jto.0b013e31821e8cff.

The modified Masaoka staging system separates stage III in IIIa (without invasion of great vessels) and IIIb (with the invasion of great vessels).

Bibliographic reference: NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology (NCCN Guidelines), Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas, Version 1.2021 - December 4, 2020 [Internet]. Nccn.org. 2020 [cited 26 December 2020]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/thymic.pdf.

The 8th edition thymic TNM stage classifications:

Source: Detterbeck FC. Clinical implication of the new TNM classification of thymic malignancies. J Thorac Dis. 2018 Aug;10(Suppl 22):S2692-S2695. Available at: https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.08.36.

Source: Detterbeck FC, et al.; Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee; Members of the Advisory Boards; Participating Institutions of the Thymic Domain. The IASLC/ITMIG Thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014 Sep;9(9 Suppl 2):S65-72. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/jto.0000000000000290.

Relationship between the 8th edition thymic TNM stage and the Masaoka-Kogan system:

Source: Liang G, et al.; Members of the Chinese Alliance for Research in Thymomas. Comparison of the Masaoka-Koga staging and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/the International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group proposal for the TNM staging systems based on the Chinese Alliance for Research in Thymomas retrospective database. J Thorac Dis. 2016 Apr;8(4):727-37. Available at: https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2016.03.22.

European Union (EU) Joint Action on Rare Cancers (JARC)

 

Castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)

It is defined as medical or surgical castration, with castrate serum testosterone < 50 ng/dl, or < 1.7 nmol/l, plus one of the following types of progression [1]:

• Biochemical progression:
• Three consecutive rises in total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), at least 1 week apart, resulting in two 50% increases over the nadir, and at least one total PSA > 2 ng/ml [1];
• Or a rising total PSA that is greater than 2 ng/mL higher than the nadir, the rise has to be at least 25% over nadir and the rise has to be confirmed by a second total PSA at least three weeks later [2];
• For CRPC diagnosis, PSA progresses despite secondary hormonal manipulations, including anti‐androgen withdrawal for at least 4 weeks [3].
• Radiologic progression: The appearance of new lesions, either two or more new bone lesions on bone scan or a soft tissue lesion using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST).

Bibliographic reference:

[1] Cornford P, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, et al. EAU-ESTRO-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Relapsing, Metastatic, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol. 2017 Apr;71(4):630-642. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.08.002.

[2] Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, et al.; Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Mar 1;26(7):1148-59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.12.4487.

[3] Heidenreich A, Aus G, Bolla M, et al.; European Association of Urology. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2008 Jan;53(1):68-80. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2007.09.002.